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This outbreak may also have started with a traveler. The country has had 46 cases in 2022 as of April 30.įrom time to time, travelers have carried monkeypox from Nigeria to other countries, but those have been mainly isolated cases. Since 2017, Nigeria has had sporadic cases of monkeypox, mostly in urban areas, she says. Yinka-Ogunleye et al/Emerging Infectious Diseases 2018 Infectious virus is released from these lesions and can spread to others. Pustules, such as these seen on a person’s hands and face, are a hallmark of monkeypox. No one knows which animals are the reservoirs for monkeypox, though several rodents and other small animals are suspected to carry the virus. The researchers found evidence that the virus was being passed person-to-person through close contact with family members, though most cases probably came from animals. But then a 2017 outbreak there caused 42 confirmed cases and 146 suspected cases, she and colleagues reported in 2018 in Emerging Infectious Diseases. For instance, Nigeria hadn’t had a case since 1978. Fewer than 10 cases had popped up in Western Africa before then. “Before 2017, it used to be known as a rare disease,” she says. The outbreak is the latest resurgence of monkeypox, Yinka-Ogunleye says. The disease it causes tends to be milder, killing about 1 percent to 3.6 percent of infected people. The West African clade is the one behind the current global outbreak. That clade, which kills about 10 percent of people it infects, hasn’t spread outside the region where it is normally found, Yinka-Ogunleye says. The more deadly type is the Central African or Congo Basin clade, which sickens hundreds of people each year in Congo and the Central African Republic. There are two different types, or clades, of monkeypox. That’s what happened in the United States in 2003 when 47 people in the Midwest got monkeypox from pet prairie dogs that had been housed with infected rodents from West Africa ( SN: 06/11/03). Mostly, monkeypox is a disease humans catch from animals. The virus was first discovered in monkeys in 1958. It is not a new disease, says Yinka-Ogunleye. Monkeypox is a DNA virus in the Orthopoxvirus genus, which includes smallpox, cowpox and camelpox. There’s no need for fear, and there’s no need to stigmatize anyone who has this disease,” Adesola Yinka-Ogunleye, an epidemiologist at the Institute for Global Health at University College London and a monkeypox expert with the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control.īut with cases on the rise, here’s what to know.
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Most people are at low risk of catching monkeypox, but should still be aware that it is circulating in the community, he said. Right now, men who have sex with men may be at greater risk of contracting the virus, but “infectious diseases don’t care about borders or social networks,” Brooks said. CDC officials hope to raise awareness of the sometimes-deadly disease ahead of June, Pride month in the United States and many other countries, Brooks said. Some of those cases have been linked to a Pride celebration and a sauna in Spain, and a fetish festival in Belgium. But “many of those affected in the current global outbreak identify as gay or bisexual men.” “Anyone - anyone - can develop and spread monkeypox infection,” John Brooks, a medical epidemiologist at the CDC said May 23 during a news briefing. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Those cases - one in New York City and Washington state and two in Florida - are presumed to be monkeypox and are undergoing confirmation at the U.S. In the United States, one person each in Massachusetts, California and New York City and two in Utah have been confirmed to have monkeypox, and four others are confirmed to have Orthopoxvirus infections, the genus that includes monkeypox and smallpox. Spain, Portugal, Canada and England have recorded most of the cases.